An alternative view on the necessity of EGD before sleeve gastrectomy

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is particularly recommended for choosing a surgical method to be used with asymptomatic patients and for the assessment of symptomatic patients prior to sleeve gastrectomy. The presence of hiatal hernia, for instance, is a relative contraindication. EGD is used for malignancy scanning as well as surgical planning, but seems inefficient in determining postoperative complications.

Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of the pathological evaluation of endoscopic biopsies obtained with esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) according to Sydney classification prior to sleeve gastrectomy in identifying the risk of staple line leak, independently of clinical diagnosis.

Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery.

Patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy between January 2014-December 2016 received preoperative EGD as per the clinic's protocol and upon obtaining ethics board approval and patient consent. Biopsies were taken from the patients according to the Sydney protocol. The pathology results were examined retrospectively by considering the exclusion criteria. The results were given in line with the Sydney classification, and patients with and without Staple Line Leak were statistically compared.

A total of 630 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 71.1% (n = 448) were female and 28.9% (n = 182) were male. Mean age was 38.9 years (17-68), mean body weight was 130.8kg (94-240) and body mass index (BMI) values were 47.4kg/m2 (36-106). In evaluation of median values, no statistically significant relationship was found between staple line leak and H. pylori occurrence grade (P = 0.438; P>0.05), activation grade (P = 0.568; P>0.05) or intestinal metaplasia grade (P = 0.319; P>0.05). Atrophy (P = 0.001; P<0.01) and chronic inflammation grade (P = 0.026; P<0.05) were significantly higher in Staple Line Leak patients.

EGD prior to sleeve gastrectomy and biopsies obtained in line with the Sydney protocol predict Staple Line Leak risk.