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Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Preclinical Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in Toddlers

Judith A Groner1, Hong Huang2, Mandar S Joshi3

  • 1American Academy of Pediatrics Julius B. Richmond Center of Excellence, Elk Grove Village, IL; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|July 17, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Secondhand smoke exposure in young children is linked to early cardiovascular risk markers. This study found correlations between hair nicotine levels and blood pressure, cholesterol, and inflammation, indicating risks before clinical disease.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Cardiovascular Risk Assessment
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is a known health hazard.
  • Preclinical markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are established in adults.
  • The impact of SHS on early CVD risk markers in children is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between SHS exposure in young children (2-5 years) and preclinical CVD risk markers.
  • To assess objective measures of SHS exposure and a comprehensive panel of CVD risk indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 139 children aged 2-5 years.
  • Objective measurement of SHS exposure using hair nicotine levels.
  • Assessment of clinical and research markers of cardiovascular risk, including blood pressure, glucose, insulin, lipids, inflammation, oxidation, and endothelial function.

Main Results:

  • Hair nicotine levels directly correlated with blood pressure and C-reactive protein.
  • Hair nicotine levels inversely correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and endothelial progenitor cell prevalence.
  • Significant negative correlation found between hair nicotine levels and total antioxidant capacity, even after controlling for covariates.

Conclusions:

  • SHS exposure in early childhood is associated with detectable preclinical CVD risk markers.
  • These findings highlight the potential for early cardiovascular damage before clinical manifestation.
  • Further research is needed to understand mechanisms and develop preventive strategies for early-life SHS exposure risks.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiovascular riskinflammationpreclinical markerssecondhand smoke exposure

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