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Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol
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Sleep related breathing disorders and indications for polysomnography in preterm infants

Koen Joosten1, Robbin de Goederen2, Angelique Pijpers3

  • 1Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital, Pediatric Intensive Care, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Early Human Development
|July 17, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Preterm infants often experience breathing issues like central apneas, increasing risks. Polysomnography helps identify these breathing abnormalities and manage oxygen therapy needs.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Preterm infants frequently exhibit persistent breathing pattern abnormalities, including central apneas, obstructive apneas, and periodic breathing.
  • Conditions such as respiratory distress syndrome and chronic lung disease can necessitate extended oxygen therapy post-hospitalization.
  • These breathing irregularities elevate the risk of sleep disturbances and apparent life-threatening events in vulnerable infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of polysomnography in assessing breathing pattern abnormalities in preterm infants.
  • To identify infants at higher risk for sleep-related breathing events after discharge.
  • To aid in clinical decision-making regarding the discontinuation of oxygen therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized polysomnography (sleep studies) to monitor respiratory patterns in preterm infants.
  • Assessed for various breathing abnormalities, including central apneas, obstructive apneas, and periodic breathing.
  • Correlated polysomnography findings with clinical outcomes and oxygen therapy requirements.

Main Results:

  • Polysomnography effectively identified diverse breathing pattern abnormalities in preterm infants.
  • The study highlighted a significant association between persistent breathing issues and an increased risk of sleep-related breathing events.
  • Results indicated polysomnography's value in guiding decisions about weaning oxygen therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Polysomnography is a valuable diagnostic tool for characterizing breathing abnormalities in preterm infants.
  • This method aids in risk stratification for sleep-related breathing events and informs oxygen therapy management.
  • Implementing polysomnography can optimize care and improve outcomes for preterm infants with respiratory challenges.

Keywords:
Apparent life threatening eventBronchopulmonary dysplasiaCentral sleep apneaObstructive sleep apneaPeriodic breathingPolysomnography

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