Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 26, 2026
Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease
Published on: August 9, 2024
Comprehensive Cost of Illness of Three Major Diseases in Japan
Kunichika Matsumoto1, Simpei Hanaoka2, Yinghui Wu3
1Department of Social Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Insights
This study calculated the comprehensive cost of illness (C-COI) for cancer, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in Japan. Family burden and long-term care costs significantly impact CVD
Area of Science:
- Health Economics
- Public Health
- Disease Burden Assessment
Background:
- Major diseases like cancer, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) impose substantial economic burdens.
- Traditional cost of illness (COI) methods may not fully capture the total economic impact.
Purpose of the Study:
- To calculate the comprehensive cost of illness (C-COI) for cancer, heart disease, and CVD using a modified COI method.
- To quantify the economic burden of these diseases in Japan.
Main Methods:
- Modified COI method to estimate C-COI, including medical direct, morbidity, mortality costs (MtCs), long-term care (LTC) direct cost (DC), and family burden (FB).
- Utilized official Japanese government statistics for cost calculations from 2008-2014.
Main Results:
- In 2014, C-COI for cancer, heart disease, and CVD were 9815, 4461, and 6501 billion JPY, respectively.
- MtCs dominated cancer and heart disease costs, while LTC DC was the largest component for CVD.
- Family burden (FB) emerged as a significant cost factor, particularly for CVD.
Conclusions:
- The C-COI method effectively estimates the total economic burden of major diseases, incorporating LTC DC and FB.
- Family burden is a major cost component for CVD, highlighting the disease's long-term disability impact.
- This comprehensive approach provides a more complete understanding of disease-related economic consequences.
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to calculate the burden of 3 major diseases (cancer, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease [CVD]) using the cost of illness (COI) method.
Methods:
As a modification of the original COI method developed by Rice, the estimated comprehensive COI (C-COI) of cancer, heart disease, and CVD were redefined. C-COI consists of medical direct, morbidity, and mortality costs (MtCs; components of the original COI); long-term care (LTC) direct cost (DC); and family burden (FB). LTC DC is an insurance benefit, and FB is the unpaid care cost incurred by the family, relatives, and friends for in-home and in-community medical expenses (opportunity cost). All costs for 2008-2014 were calculated using official statistics of the Japanese government.
Results:
The C-COI of cancer, heart disease, and CVD in 2014 amounted to 9815 billion Japanese yen (JPY), 4461 billion JPY, and 6501 billion JPY, respectively. As for the composition of the C-COI, the MtC accounted for the largest portion of medical expenses for treatment of cancer (63.5%) and heart disease (50.6%), but the DC (LTC) accounted for the largest portion of medical expenses for CVD (26.7%).
Conclusions:
This study, based on government statistics, demonstrated that C-COI, including LTC DC and FB, could be estimated, and the latter was found to be a major cost component in CVD, whereas long-term disability is a salient feature of the disease.
More Related Videos
04:03Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Moving Cupping Along Meridians for Acute Exacerbation of COPD
Published on: September 27, 2024
11:00Reliable Acquisition of Electroencephalography Data during Simultaneous Electroencephalography and Functional MRI
Published on: March 19, 2021
Related Concept Videos
01:18Factors Affecting Illness
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
01:17Classification of Illness
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
01:21Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management
01:29Concepts of Health and Illness
01:25Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD: