A Retrospective Analysis of Dentofacial Deformities and Orthognathic Surgeries

Information regarding the prevalence of surgical osteotomies used for the correction of dentofacial deformities in Iran is lacking.

This retrospective cross-sectional study assessed the distribution of orthognathic surgeries performed (2011-2015) at major University hospital in Iran. Records of 103 orthognathic surgery patients were assessed (58 female, 45 males, aged = 23.47 [6.44] years).

Class III malocclusion (incisor classification, 45.6%) and Class II skeletal pattern (based on ANB angle, 51.5%) were the most prevalent type. Overall, 4.8%, 51.5%, and 43.7% of subjects had Class I, II, and III sagittal skeletal patterns, respectively. The most prevalent (66%) osteotomy was the bimaxillary osteotomy. The frequencies of reported and corrected asymmetries in the lower third of the face (35%) were similar among patients with different malocclusions (χ² = 4.134, P = 0.127) or sagittal skeletal patterns (χ² = 2.133, P = 0.344), as well as between Class II and III malocclusions (P = 0.125) or sagittal skeletal patterns (P = 0.149).

Compared to Class II subjects, Class III (malocclusions or sagittal skeletal patterns) subjects had more bimaxillary osteotomies, indicating the higher prevalence of skeletal discrepancies affecting both jaws in Class III subjects.