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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression
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Spinal cord imaging using averaged magnetization inversion recovery acquisitions.

Matthias Weigel1,2, Oliver Bieri1,2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|July 18, 2017
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Summary

Averaged Magnetization Inversion Recovery Acquisitions (AMIRA) enables fast, high-resolution spinal cord imaging. This novel approach enhances tissue contrast and signal-to-noise ratios for improved visualization of spinal cord structures.

Keywords:
balanced SSFPcervical spinal cordinversion recoverymagnetic resonance imagingtransient phase

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroimaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background:

  • Spinal cord imaging requires high resolution for detailed anatomical assessment.
  • Existing techniques may face limitations in speed and contrast for optimal visualization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel approach, Averaged Magnetization Inversion Recovery Acquisitions (AMIRA), for rapid, high-resolution spinal cord imaging.
  • To assess the effectiveness of AMIRA in improving tissue contrast and signal-to-noise ratios.

Main Methods:

  • AMIRA utilizes an inversion recovery (IR) prepared, segmented, time-limited cine balanced steady state free precession sequence.
  • The method involves acquiring eight consecutive images, achieving 0.67 x 0.67 mm² in-plane resolution and 4-8 mm slice thickness.
  • AMIRA does not rely on parallel acquisition techniques.

Main Results:

  • AMIRA effectively measures eight images with significant contrast variations between spinal cord gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  • Averaging early IR contrast images enhances GM-WM contrast, while averaging later images improves WM-CSF contrast.
  • Quantitative data supports these observed improvements in contrast-to-noise ratios.

Conclusions:

  • AMIRA provides 2D spinal cord imaging with multiple tissue contrasts and enhanced contrast-to-noise ratios.
  • The technique achieves high in-plane resolution (0.67 x 0.67 mm²) and acceptable slice thickness (4-8 mm) in a rapid acquisition time of 1-2 minutes per slice.
  • AMIRA represents a promising advancement for fast and detailed spinal cord MRI.