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Dedicated bifurcation stents or regular drug eluting stents in distal left main stenosis: A retrospective study
Adam Kern1, Robert J Gil, Krystian Bojko
1Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland. adamkern@mail.com.
Insights
This study compared regular drug-eluting stents (rDES) and dedicated bifurcation stents for distal left main (LM) stenosis. Both stent types showed comparable rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and target lesion revascularization (TLR) after 36 months.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Distal left main (LM) atherosclerosis commonly occurs at bifurcations or trifurcations.
- Understanding treatment strategies for distal LM stenosis is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze treatment strategies for distal left main (LM) stenosis.
- To evaluate clinical outcomes associated with different stent types in distal LM stenosis.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 102 patients with distal LM stenosis treated between June 2012 and June 2013.
- Patients received either regular drug-eluting stents (rDES) or dedicated bifurcation stents (BiOSS LIM®).
- Clinical outcomes, including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and target lesion revascularization (TLR), were assessed at 12, 24, and 36 months.
Main Results:
- 90 patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with no implantation failures.
- After 36 months, the MACE rate was 19.0% (BiOSS: 18.8% vs. rDES: 19.2%) and the TLR rate was 10.7% (BiOSS: 12.5% vs. rDES: 9.6%).
- Proximal optimization technique was associated with better TLR outcomes, while non-ST-elevation ACS, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and side branch stenting were risk factors for poor outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Both regular drug-eluting stents (rDES) and dedicated bifurcation BiOSS LIM® stents offer simple and effective treatment options for distal LM stenosis.
- Comparable MACE and TLR rates were observed between the two stent types, suggesting similar long-term efficacy.
Background:
In the distal left main (LM) atherosclerosis mainly develops within bifurcation or trifur-cation. The aim of this study was to analyze the strategy of distal LM stenosis treatment and associated clinical outcomes in a large hospital in Northern Poland.
Methods:
The study population consisted of consecutive patients with stable coronary artery disease or acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and distal LM stenosis who were hospitalized between June 2012 and June 2013. Patients were treated with regular drug-eluting stents (rDES), including bioresorbable vascular scaffolds, or dedicated bifurcation stents (BiOSS LIM®). Clinical outcomes were analyzed at 12, 24 and 36 months. Primary endpoint was cumulative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) inducing rate of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization (TLR) after 36 months.
Results:
One hundred and two patients were identified, 90 of whom were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (56 rDES, including 9 Absorb, and 34 BiOSS) with no stent implantation fail-ure. In 15 (16.7%) patients rDES was required within side branch (SB). After 36 months MACE rate was 19.0% (BiOSS: 18.8% vs. rDES 19.2%), whereas TLR rate was 10.7% (BiOSS 12.5% vs. rDES 9.6%). In logistic regression for 36-month TLR rate proximal optimization technique (OR 0.311, 95% CI 0.211-0.644) was a prognostic factor of better clinical outcome, whereas non-ST-elevation ACS (OR 2.211, 95% CI 1.642-5.110), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (OR 2.771, 95% CI 1.325-7.209) and SB stenting (OR 1.141, 95% CI 1.002-1.881) were risk factors of poor outcome.
Conclusions:
Regular drug-eluting stents as well as dedicated bifurcation BiOSS LIM® stents enabled a simple and fast distal LM treatment option with a single stent. Both resulted in comparable MACE and TLR rates.
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