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Functional parcellation using time courses of instantaneous connectivity.

Erik S B van Oort1, Maarten Mennes1, Tobias Navarro Schröder2

  • 1Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Neuroimage
|July 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new top-down brain parcellation method using instantaneous connectivity. This Instantaneous Connectivity Parcellation (ICP) strategy successfully identifies biologically valid sub-regions in key brain areas.

Keywords:
Entorhinal cortexFMRIMotor cortexParcellationResting stateSubcortexThalamus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Brain Mapping

Background:

  • Functional neuroimaging reveals the brain comprises segregated functional networks, each with distinct sub-regions.
  • Identifying these functional sub-units via brain parcellation is crucial for understanding brain architecture.
  • Existing parcellation methods predominantly use a bottom-up clustering approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel top-down parcellation strategy for brain sub-region identification.
  • To utilize time courses of instantaneous connectivity for subdividing regions of interest.
  • To validate the biological relevance of generated parcellations against cytoarchitecture.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a top-down parcellation strategy based on instantaneous connectivity.
  • Employed split-half reproducibility to determine the optimal number of sub-regions.
  • Applied the Instantaneous Connectivity Parcellation (ICP) strategy to resting-state fMRI data.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated functional parcellations for the thalamus, entorhinal cortex, motor cortex, and subcortex (brainstem, striatum).
  • Demonstrated the ICP strategy's ability to create reproducible subdivisions.
  • Evaluated parcellations against cytoarchitecture maps, confirming biological validity.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed top-down Instantaneous Connectivity Parcellation (ICP) strategy offers a novel approach to brain mapping.
  • ICP effectively identifies biologically meaningful sub-regions within larger brain structures.
  • This method advances the understanding of functional brain architecture and its relation to cytoarchitecture.