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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Shock Wave Application to Cell Cultures
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Shock Wave Application to Cell Cultures

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Chondrocytes treated with different shock wave devices.

Angela Notarnicola1, Florenzo Iannone2, Giuseppe Maccagnano1

  • 1Orthopaedics Unit, Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, General Hospital, Bari, Italy.

Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal
|July 19, 2017
PubMed
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Reply to Karademir, F.; Fírat, T. Comment on "Covelli et al. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) vs. Exercise in Thumb Osteoarthritis (SWEX-TO): Prospective Clinical Trial at 6 Months. <i>Life</i> 2024, <i>14</i>, 1453".

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Perioperative blood management programme in Jehovah's witnesses undergoing total knee arthroplasty: clinical results and cost-benefit analysis.

Orthopedic reviews·2025
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Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) vs. Exercise in Thumb Osteoarthritis (SWEX-TO): Prospective Clinical Trial at 6 Months.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
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Advances and Challenges in Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infections.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
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The Role of Bone Edema in Plantar Fasciitis Treated with Temperature-Controlled High-Energy Adjustable Multi-Mode Emission Laser (THEAL) and Exercise: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial.

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Risk of Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Intra-Articular Injection: Any Difference among Shoulder, Knee and Hip?

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) shows therapeutic potential for cartilage diseases like osteoarthritis. While generator type has minimal impact, energy concentration is key for effective treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Shock wave treatment is utilized for various orthopedic conditions.
  • Diverse shock wave generators exist, but comparative experimental data is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally compare the effects of different focused and radial shock wave generators.
  • To evaluate generator impact on healthy and osteoarthritis chondrocytes.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study comparing electro-magnetic, piezoelectric, electro-hydraulic, and radial generators.
  • Chondrocyte analysis from healthy and osteoarthritis subjects.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences observed between generator types.
Keywords:
chondrocytesdevicesshock waves

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  • Electro-magnetic and piezoelectric generators demonstrated greater action specificity.
  • Increased IL-10 and reduced N-Cadherin/B-Catenin observed in chondrocytes.

    • Conclusions:

    • ESWT demonstrates therapeutic potential for cartilage diseases, including osteoarthritis.
    • Smaller focus size in electro-magnetic and piezoelectric generators enhances energy concentration.
    • Standardizing total energy is crucial for clinical ESWT practice.