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Racial Differences in Misclassification of Healthy Eating Based on Food Frequency Questionnaire and 24-Hour Dietary
B Olendzki1, E Procter-Gray, M F Magee
1Wenjun Li, PhD, Health Statistics and Geography Lab, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School S4-314, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, Phone: 774-455-4215, Fax: 508-856-4543,
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|July 19, 2017
Summary
The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) shows limited accuracy for assessing nutrient intake in older Black women, potentially underestimating racial differences in healthy eating. Improvements are needed for research on healthy eating disparities.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional epidemiology
- Gerontology
- Health disparities research
Background:
- Accurate dietary assessment is crucial for understanding health outcomes in older adults.
- Racial differences in nutrient intake and adherence to healthy eating patterns exist.
- The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour recall (24HR) are common dietary assessment tools with varying accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the agreement between FFQ and 24HR for nutrient intake and Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) scores.
- To examine these agreements by race among urban older women.
- To identify potential limitations of FFQ in diverse populations.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 49 White and 44 Black women aged 65+ in Washington, DC.
- Dietary intake was assessed using both FFQ and 24HR in 2014-2015.
- Correlation coefficients for 55 nutrients and AHEI classification agreements were compared overall and by race.
Main Results:
- Mean correlation coefficients (rho) were significantly lower for Black women (0.23) compared to White women (0.46).
- FFQ and 24HR showed substantial discrepancies in classifying healthy eating, particularly for Black women.
- AHEI scores were significantly lower for Black women compared to White women based on both methods.
Conclusions:
- The FFQ demonstrates limited ability to accurately assess nutrient intake and healthy eating patterns in older Black women.
- The FFQ may underestimate racial disparities in healthy eating among older adults.
- Further refinement of FFQ is recommended for use in research on racial differences in healthy eating among diverse older populations.
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