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Published on: April 23, 2014
Physical Health and Drug Safety in Individuals with Schizophrenia
Tamara Pringsheim1, Martina Kelly2, Doug Urness3
11 Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.
Background:
While antipsychotic medications are the mainstay of therapy for individuals with schizophrenia and psychotic disorders, their use is associated with adverse effects on physical health that require the attention and care of prescribers.
Methods:
We used the ADAPTE process to adapt existing guideline recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) guidelines on the dosing of antipsychotics and antipsychotic polypharmacy, screening for adverse effects of antipsychotics, and management of metabolic and extrapyramidal side effects to the Canadian context.
Results:
Prescribers are encouraged to use the lowest effective dose and to avoid the routine use of multiple antipsychotics. Scheduled monitoring of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, lipids, prolactin, electrocardiograms, and extrapyramidal symptoms is recommended. Lifestyle interventions are recommended to mitigate antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Prescribers should follow Canadian guidelines on the treatment of obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Recommendations on antipsychotic drug choice are made for users particularly concerned about extrapyramidal symptoms.
Conclusion:
Careful monitoring and attention by prescribers may mitigate adverse effects associated with antipsychotic medications.
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