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Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Live-cell Imaging of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization During Necroptosis
Published on: November 14, 2025
Secondary Necrosis: Accidental No More
Lorenzo Galluzzi1, Guido Kroemer2
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA; Equipe 11 Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; INSERM, U1138, 75006 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, 75006 Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France.
Secondary necrosis, a regulated cell death process, has significant implications for disease and treatment. Targeting its molecular machinery offers a new avenue for developing cancer therapies that enhance immune responses.
Area of Science:
- Cellular biology
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Secondary necrosis was previously considered an accidental outcome of apoptosis.
- Emerging evidence reveals secondary necrosis as a regulated biological process.
- This process has significant implications in pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the regulated nature of secondary necrosis.
- To identify the molecular machinery controlling secondary necrosis.
- To explore its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent data on cell death pathways.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms regulating secondary necrosis.
- Exploration of therapeutic implications in oncology.
Main Results:
- Secondary necrosis is a finely regulated process, not an accidental event.
- The molecular machinery governing secondary necrosis is a viable drug target.
- Targeting this process can enhance the immunogenicity of cancer cells undergoing treatment.
Conclusions:
- Secondary necrosis plays a critical role in disease and treatment response.
- Developing drugs targeting secondary necrosis molecular machinery is a promising therapeutic strategy.
- This approach may improve the effectiveness of cancer treatments by boosting anti-tumor immunity.
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