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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Automated Method for Assessing Visual Acuity in Infants and Toddlers Using an Eye-Tracking System

Author Spotlight: An Automated Method for Assessing Visual Acuity in Infants and Toddlers Using an Eye-Tracking System

Published on: March 17, 2023

Evaluation of a paper-based visual acuity questionnaire.

Miki Uchino¹, Motoko Kawashima¹, Minako Kaido¹

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)

|July 20, 2017

Summary

A paper-based visual acuity (PBVA) questionnaire effectively correlates with functional visual acuity (FVA) assessments. This validated PBVA tool offers a simple method for large-scale vision research.

Keywords:

functional visual acuity paper-based visual acuity questionnaire validation

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Last Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Automated Method for Assessing Visual Acuity in Infants and Toddlers Using an Eye-Tracking System

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Published on: March 17, 2023

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

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Published on: March 29, 2022

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

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Published on: February 11, 2014

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

Visual acuity (VA) assessment is crucial for eye health.
Developing efficient and accessible tools for VA measurement is important for large-scale studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To validate a paper-based visual acuity (PBVA) questionnaire.
To assess the correlation between self-rated PBVA and objective functional VA (FVA) measurements.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional survey of 301 Japanese subjects (young to middle-aged, predominantly male) was conducted in 2015.
Participants self-rated their visual acuity using the PBVA on a 1-5 scale, categorized into good, normal, and poor.
Objective validation was performed using a functional VA (FVA) assessment.

Main Results:

The PBVA results showed a significant correlation with both FVA tests (r=0.33, P<0.0001) and initial VA (r=0.273, P<0.0001).
Trend test analysis between PBVA and FVA also demonstrated statistical significance (P<0.0001).

Conclusions:

A significant statistical correlation exists between the PBVA and FVA, and initial VA.
The PBVA questionnaire is a sensitive, easily implementable tool suitable for epidemiological and clinical research.