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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Adenomyosis: Back to the future?

Z Ferraz1, N Nogueira-Martins2, F Nogueira-Martins2

  • 1Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Coimbra, 3030-165, Portugal.

Facts, Views & Vision in Obgyn
|July 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adenomyosis, a condition where uterine lining invades the muscle wall, often presents asymptomatically in women over 40. Early ultrasound diagnosis and exploring treatments like GnRH agonists are crucial for managing this gynecological challenge.

Keywords:
Adenomyosisdiagnosismanagementmyometriumsymptoms

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Adenomyosis is a benign uterine condition characterized by endometrial invasion into the myometrium.
  • It commonly affects women in late reproductive years, leading to a diffusely enlarged uterus.
  • Adenomyosis is increasingly linked to reduced female fertility and presents diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical and histopathological characteristics of adenomyosis in a cohort of patients.
  • To identify common sonographic findings associated with adenomyosis.
  • To review current treatment approaches and outcomes, including the incidence of concurrent endometrial cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 182 patients diagnosed with adenomyosis via histopathology between January 2013 and September 2016.
  • Review of patient demographics, sonographic evaluations, presenting symptoms, prior surgical history, and treatment modalities.
  • Examination of histopathological results for concurrent conditions, particularly endometrial cancer.

Main Results:

  • The majority of patients (94.5%) were over 40 years old, and most (90.6%) were multiparous.
  • Common sonographic findings included heterogeneous myometrium (75.7%) and coexisting myoma (65.4%).
  • Asymptomatic presentation was most common, but menorrhagia and metrorrhagia were key symptoms when present. Endometrial cancer was found in 5.5% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Adenomyosis diagnosis remains challenging, often confirmed post-hysterectomy.
  • Clinicians should utilize ultrasound features for earlier detection.
  • Further research into diagnostic algorithms and alternative treatments, especially for subfertile women, is warranted.