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Practical Approach to Initiating SGLT2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes

Fernando Gomez-Peralta1, Cristina Abreu2, Albert Lecube3

  • 1Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Segovia General Hospital, Segovia, Spain. fgomezp@saludcastillayleon.org.

Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders
|July 20, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors offer a novel approach to managing type 2 diabetes by increasing urinary glucose excretion. These drugs also provide benefits like weight loss, blood pressure reduction, and improved cardiovascular outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes is a growing global health concern.
  • Existing treatments have limitations in efficacy and side effect profiles.
  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent a novel therapeutic class.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors.
  • To discuss the benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors beyond glycemic control.
  • To propose a treatment algorithm for managing concomitant therapies with SGLT2 inhibitors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data and published literature on SGLT2 inhibitors.
  • Analysis of the pharmacological effects of SGLT2 inhibition on glucose reabsorption.
  • Evaluation of adverse events and drug interactions associated with SGLT2 inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors effectively lower blood glucose by inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption.
  • These agents demonstrate benefits in reducing body weight, blood pressure, and cardiovascular events.
  • Empagliflozin has shown positive effects on kidney disease progression and mortality.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors are valuable agents for type 2 diabetes management, recommended as second- or third-line therapy.
  • Their pleiotropic effects offer significant advantages for patient outcomes.
  • Careful consideration of potential adverse events and drug interactions is necessary.
Keywords:
ConcomitantInitiationManagementSGLT2 inhibitorsType 2 diabetes

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