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Risk of coronary artery disease in celiac disease population

Rama D Gajulapalli1, Deepak J Pattanshetty2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology : Official Journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association
|July 20, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Patients with celiac disease (CD) have a nearly two-fold increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study highlights a significant association between CD and accelerated atherosclerosis, emphasizing the need for cardiovascular monitoring in CD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder linked to systemic inflammation and extra-intestinal manifestations.
  • Accelerated atherosclerosis is associated with chronic inflammation, but its link to CD is understudied.
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) prevalence in CD patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients diagnosed with celiac disease (CD).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant web application for de-identified electronic health records.
  • Analyzed data from 48,642,290 patients, including 59,010 diagnosed with CD and 48,583,280 controls.
  • Compared the prevalence of CAD between CD patients and the control group.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of CAD was significantly higher in CD patients (8.7%) compared to controls (4.4%), with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.09.
  • A nearly two-fold increased prevalence of CAD was observed in CD patients (OR: 2.09, P < 0.0001).
  • Younger patients (<65 years) with CD also showed a higher CAD prevalence (3.72% vs. 1.98%, OR: 1.85).

Conclusions:

  • Coronary artery disease prevalence is nearly doubled in individuals with celiac disease.
  • The findings suggest a strong association between celiac disease and increased risk of coronary artery disease.
  • Further research into the mechanisms linking CD and atherosclerosis is warranted.
Abstract

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