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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

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Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
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Cross-reactivity00:42

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE
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[Allergy to human seminal plasma].

Laura Moi1, Igor Salvadé1, Camillo Ribi1

  • 1Service d'immunologie et allergie, Département de médecine, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|July 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Human seminal plasma hypersensitivity is rare but under-diagnosed. Diagnosis involves clinical signs, allergy testing, and identifying IgE antibodies, with condoms as prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Reproductive Health
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Hypersensitivity to human seminal plasma (HSP) is an uncommon but potentially underdiagnosed condition.
  • Symptoms can include anaphylaxis, vulvo-vaginitis, pelvic pain, and dyspareunia, often leading to delayed diagnosis.
  • It is crucial to differentiate HSP from other gynecological and allergic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic criteria and management strategies for hypersensitivity to human seminal plasma.
  • To highlight the importance of suspecting HSP in women presenting with unexplained allergic and gynecological symptoms.
  • To discuss preventive measures and alternative reproductive options for affected individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnostic approach relies on clinical presentation, exclusion of other causes, and specific allergy testing.

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  • Skin prick testing with seminal plasma.
  • Detection of specific IgE antibodies against seminal plasma allergens, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA).

    • Main Results:

    • Diagnosis is confirmed by a combination of clinical suspicion, positive skin tests, and specific IgE detection.
    • Condom use is the primary preventive measure.
    • Antihistamines and anti-inflammatory premedication are often ineffective.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypersensitivity to human seminal plasma requires a high index of suspicion in relevant clinical scenarios.
    • Management includes avoidance, symptomatic treatment, and potentially desensitization procedures.
    • Assisted reproductive technologies offer alternatives for patients desiring pregnancy.