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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Haiti experienced a devastating earthquake in 2010.
  • Limited data exist on the earthquake's impact on the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic.
  • Port-au-Prince slums may harbor a significant burden of undiagnosed TB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the burden of active tuberculosis (TB) in a Port-au-Prince slum.
  • To determine the prevalence of undiagnosed TB cases post-earthquake.

Main Methods:

  • Active case finding was performed at the household level in a Port-au-Prince slum.
  • Community health workers identified individuals with a cough lasting ≥ 2 weeks.
  • Contact tracing was conducted for diagnosed TB index cases.

Main Results:

  • Out of 7,500 residents screened, 394 (5%) had a cough and were tested for TB.
  • 100 individuals (25%) were diagnosed with active TB, with 53% being smear-positive.
  • 144 TB cases were detected in 6 months, indicating a prevalence of 1,920/100,000.

Conclusions:

  • A high burden of undiagnosed tuberculosis exists in Port-au-Prince.
  • The prevalence of TB is significantly higher than the national estimate.
  • Further assessment of the TB burden in Haiti is warranted.