Effects of xylazine hydrochloride on urine in cattle

Urine volume, urine pH, and urine glucose concentration were monitored for up to 24 hours after physiological saline or one of two dosage levels (0.22 mg/kg or 0.44 mg/kg) of xylazine was administered to cows. During the first 2 hours after xylazine was given, urine output was greatly increased (relative to the control animals), with the high dosage group having more output than the low dosage group. The influence of the drug on urine volume had ended by 5 hours after injection when urine output in both dosage groups had returned to that of the control group. Glucose was detected in the urine of xylazine treated animals, beginning at 15 to 30 minutes after injection, reached a maximum at 2 hours, and was undetectable at 5 to 6 hours. Urine pH decreased in control and treated animals, but in treated animals the pH began to increase 2 hr after treatment.