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Bipolar Electrodes with 100% Current Efficiency for Sensors.

Xiaowei Zhang1,2, Qingfeng Zhai1,2, Huanhuan Xing1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.

ACS Sensors
|July 21, 2017
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Summary

Bipolar electrodes (BPEs) enable wireless electrochemical reactions for applications like sensing. This review covers BPE history, recent sensing advancements with high current efficiency, and future challenges.

Keywords:
bipolar electrodechemical sensing/biosensingclosed bipolar systemhigh current efficiencyopen bipolar system

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Bipolar electrodes (BPEs) are electron conductors in electrolyte solutions, not directly connected to a power source.
  • BPEs facilitate distinct oxidation and reduction reactions at their poles when a sufficient voltage is applied.
  • Recent years have seen significant promise in BPEs for various applications due to their wireless nature and integration ease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the concept, history, and recent developments of bipolar electrodes in analytical chemistry.
  • To highlight the application of BPEs in sensing, focusing on ultrahigh current efficiency.
  • To provide guidance on future challenges and potential solutions in BPE technology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of bipolar electrode concepts and historical context.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in BPE applications for sensing.
  • Examination of open and closed bipolar systems and their current efficiency (ηc).

Main Results:

  • BPEs offer a wireless approach for electrochemical modifications, synthesis, motion control, and separation.
  • Recent BPE applications demonstrate ultrahigh current efficiency in sensing, crucial for analytical performance.
  • The quantitative relationship between the two poles of BPEs is key for their sensing capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Bipolar electrodes represent a promising technology in analytical chemistry, particularly for advanced sensing applications.
  • Continued research into BPEs can overcome current challenges, leading to further innovation in electrochemical devices.
  • The development of BPEs with high current efficiency is vital for next-generation chemical and biosensors.