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Can Biochar Covers Reduce Emissions from Manure Lagoons While Capturing Nutrients?

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    Floating biochar covers effectively reduce odor and gas emissions from dairy manure lagoons. This innovative approach also sorbs key nutrients, offering a dual solution for environmental management in livestock farming.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Science
    • Agricultural Engineering
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Livestock manure lagoons release significant odor and gas emissions.
    • Floating organic covers (biocovers) are explored to mitigate these emissions.
    • Biochar's unique properties suggest potential for odor, gas, and nutrient sorption.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate floating biochar covers for reducing odor and gas emissions from liquid dairy manure.
    • To assess the nutrient sorption capacity of biochar covers.
    • To investigate the potential of biochar covers as a multi-benefit environmental solution.

    Main Methods:

    • Two types of biochar (FC650 and HF600) were tested as floating covers on dairy manure.
    • Headspace ammonia concentrations were measured.
    • Nutrient uptake (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Al, Si) by biochar was quantified.
    • Sensory evaluations assessed odor offensiveness and threshold.

    Main Results:

    • The HF600 biochar cover reduced ammonia by 72-80%; FC650 showed no significant reduction.
    • Nutrient uptake varied: 0.21–4.88 mg N/g and 0.64–2.70 mg P/g for HF600 and FC650, respectively.
    • Three out of five biochar treatments significantly reduced odor offensiveness and threshold compared to the control.

    Conclusions:

    • Biochar covers show promise for mitigating odor and gas emissions from dairy manure.
    • Biochar application can lead to nutrient sorption, aiding in manure management.
    • This technology offers a potential integrated solution for environmental challenges in livestock farming.