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Deciphering functional diversification within the lichen microbiota by meta-omics.

Tomislav Cernava1,2, Armin Erlacher3, Ines Aline Aschenbrenner3

  • 1Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010, Graz, Austria. tomislav.cernava@tugraz.at.

Microbiome
|July 21, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that previously overlooked bacterial groups, like Chthoniobacterales, play crucial roles in lichen health. These findings expand our understanding of the complex lichen holobiont and its resilience strategies.

Keywords:
Amplicon sequencingLichen symbiosisLobaria pulmonariaMetagenomicsMetaproteomicsMetatranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Symbiotic relationships
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Lichens traditionally viewed as fungal-algal symbioses, but bacterial communities are increasingly recognized.
  • The functional roles of many bacteria within the lichen microbiota remain largely unexplored.
  • This study investigates the functional guilds of lichen-associated bacteria using a multi-omics approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the functional roles of previously overlooked bacterial groups in lichens.
  • To understand the contribution of the microbiota to lichen holobiont resilience.
  • To explore the complex microenvironment of lichens through multi-omics and imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-omics analysis (genomics, transcriptomics, etc.) to profile bacterial communities.
  • Imaging techniques to visualize bacterial localization within the lichen.
  • Functional annotation of identified bacterial genes and pathways.

Main Results:

  • The lichen microbiota community structure is consistent across different omics approaches.
  • Five abundant bacterial orders (Sphingomonadales, Rhodospirillales, Myxococcales, Chthoniobacterales, Sphingobacteriales) possess critical holobiont functions.
  • Identified functions include vitamin provision and degradation of phenolic compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Previously unrecognized bacterial groups, such as Chthoniobacterales (Verrucomicrobia), act as functional protectors for lichens.
  • These overlooked bacteria contribute to lichen persistence under adverse conditions.
  • Multi-omics and imaging highlight the importance of diverse microbial participants in the lichen microenvironment.