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Tumor necrosis factor-α, kidney function, and hypertension.

Eamonn Mehaffey1, Dewan S A Majid2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Tulane Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.

American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|July 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is linked to salt-sensitive hypertension and kidney injury. Its complex role, potentially mediated by distinct receptors, is crucial for understanding and treating this inflammatory condition.

Keywords:
TNF-αinflammatory cytokinesnatriuresisrenin-angiotensin system

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Hypertension is recognized as a low-grade inflammatory condition involving proinflammatory cytokines.
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a key cytokine, is implicated in salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) and associated renal damage.
  • Elevated angiotensin II and oxidative stress contribute to TNF-α production, which directly impacts renal function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on TNF-α's role in the kidney.
  • To elucidate TNF-α's pathophysiological contribution to SSH and renal injury.
  • To explore targeted TNF-α receptor strategies for hypertension treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating TNF-α action in the kidney.
  • Analysis of research on TNF-α's influence on hemodynamic and excretory functions.
  • Evaluation of evidence regarding TNF-α's interaction with the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system.

Main Results:

  • TNF-α exhibits direct renal effects, regulating kidney function and renin-angiotensin system activity.
  • Contrasting effects of TNF-α antagonism and administration suggest a complex, possibly counterregulatory, role in SSH.
  • Differential actions of TNF-α receptors (type 1 and type 2) may explain its varied functions in hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • The precise role of TNF-α in SSH pathogenesis requires further elucidation.
  • Understanding TNF-α's dual actions, influenced by its receptors, is key to developing novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting specific TNF-α receptors presents a potential avenue for managing hypertension and related kidney disease.