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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Overview
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

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Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors
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A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors

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Sphingosine 1-Phosphate and Atherosclerosis.

Makoto Kurano1, Yutaka Yatomi1

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis
|July 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is linked to atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) bound to S1P on HDL may offer protective effects against this disease.

Area of Science:

  • Lipid mediator signaling
  • Cardiovascular disease research
  • Atherosclerosis pathogenesis

Background:

  • Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator interacting with five S1P receptors.
  • S1P is found in circulation bound to HDL and albumin, influencing HDL's bioactivities.
  • Lower plasma S1P levels correlate with coronary artery disease, suggesting a role in atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the dual role of S1P in atherosclerosis.
  • To investigate the mechanism of S1P distribution on HDL via apolipoprotein M (apoM).
  • To understand how apoM modulates S1P's properties and its impact on atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on S1P, HDL, apoM, and atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of experimental data on S1P's pro- and anti-atherosclerotic properties.
Keywords:
Apolipoprotein MAtherosclerosisHDLSphingosine 1-phosphate

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  • Investigation into the role of apoM in S1P transport and modulation.

    • Main Results:

    • S1P exhibits both pro-atherosclerotic (lymphocyte activation, pro-thrombotic) and anti-atherosclerotic (anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, barrier function) properties.
    • Apolipoprotein M (apoM) binds S1P to HDL, influencing plasma S1P levels and biological activities.
    • S1P bound to apoM on HDL appears to enhance anti-atherosclerotic effects and potentially reduce pro-atherosclerotic ones.

    Conclusions:

    • Apolipoprotein M (apoM) plays a crucial role in modulating Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) activity.
    • The S1P-apoM complex on HDL may confer protective effects against atherosclerosis.
    • Targeting apoM and S1P presents a potential therapeutic strategy for atherosclerotic diseases.