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New dental implant selection criterion based on implant design
Mohamed I El-Anwar1, Mohamed M El-Zawahry2, Eman M Ibraheem2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
Objective:
A comparative study between threaded and plain dental implant designs was performed to find out a new criterion for dental implant selection.
Materials And Methods:
Several dental implant designs with a systematic increase in diameter and length were positioned in a cylindrical-shaped bone section and analyzed using finite element method. Four loading types were tested on different dental implant designs; tension of 50 N, compression of 100 N, bending of 20 N, and torque of 2 Nm, to derive design curves.
Results:
Better stress distribution on both spongy and cortical bone was noted with an increase in dental implant diameter and length. With the increase in dental implant side area, a stress reduction in the surrounding bones was observed, where threaded dental implants showed better behavior over the plain ones.
Conclusions:
Increasing value of ratio between dental implant side area and its cross-sectional area reduces stresses transferred to cortical and spongy bones. The use of implants with higher ratio of side area to cross-section area, especially with weak jaw bone, is recommended.
