Prophylactic etanercept treatment in cisplatin ototoxicity

Area of Science:

• Ototoxicity research
• Pharmacological interventions
• Auditory science

Background:

• Cisplatin is a common chemotherapy agent with known ototoxic side effects.
• Hearing loss is a significant concern for patients undergoing cisplatin treatment.
• Developing protective strategies against cisplatin ototoxicity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the audiological protective effects of etanercept against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
• To assess hearing function using distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) in a rat model.
• To determine the efficacy of etanercept in mitigating cisplatin-induced hearing damage.

Main Methods:

• 31 female albino rats were used, with 15 receiving a single dose of etanercept intraperitoneally.
• All rats received 16 mg/kg cisplatin 24 hours after etanercept administration or control.
• Distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) measurements were taken on days 3, 7, and 21 post-cisplatin.
• Ototoxicity rates were compared between the etanercept and control groups.

Main Results:

• Etanercept administration significantly reduced cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, with 10% ototoxicity in the etanercept group versus 56% in the control group.
• Statistically significant differences in DPOAE measurements were observed from day 3 onwards, particularly at frequencies of 4921 Hz and higher.
• The protective effect was more pronounced at higher frequencies (above 4500 Hz) and higher sound pressure levels (65 dB and above).

Conclusions:

• A single dose of etanercept administered one day prior to cisplatin significantly decreases cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats.
• Etanercept demonstrates audiological protective effects, particularly in the early stages following cisplatin exposure.
• These findings suggest etanercept as a potential therapeutic agent for preventing chemotherapy-induced hearing loss.