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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Critical Time Crystals in Dipolar Systems.

Wen Wei Ho¹, Soonwon Choi², Mikhail D Lukin²

¹Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters

|July 22, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We found that discrete time crystalline (DTC) order in driven, disordered systems with long-range interactions is surprisingly stable. This robust DTC order can persist for long times, offering new insights into quantum matter.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Dynamics
Condensed Matter Physics
Statistical Mechanics

Background:

Periodically driven systems can exhibit exotic phases of matter.
Disordered systems with long-range interactions present unique challenges for theoretical analysis.
Discrete time crystalline (DTC) order is a novel phase of matter characterized by discrete time translation symmetry breaking.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the stability and lifetime of discrete time crystalline (DTC) order.
To analyze the quantum dynamics of driven, disordered systems with long-range interactions.
To explore the role of dipolar interactions in stabilizing DTC order.

Main Methods:

Perturbative analysis to evaluate the lifetime of DTC order.
Theoretical modeling of 3D systems with dipolar interactions.
Comparison with experimental results from dipolar spin ensembles.

Main Results:

DTC order exhibits parametrically slow decay in 3D systems with dipolar interactions, leading to robust, long-lived order.
A sharp crossover is predicted, transitioning from a stable DTC regime to one where order is lost, resembling a phase transition.
The findings align well with recent experimental observations in diamond spin ensembles.

Conclusions:

A novel, critical DTC regime stabilized by slow dynamics, not many-body localization, has been demonstrated.
The DTC response serves as a sensitive probe for studying nonequilibrium quantum matter.
The research provides a theoretical framework for understanding robust time crystalline phases in realistic systems.