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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Related Experiment Video

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Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
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Intradermal Skin Testing in Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma with Negative Skin Prick Tests.

Fuat Erel1, Nurhan Sarioglu1, Mehmet Kose1

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey.

Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
|July 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The intradermal skin test (IDST) is a valuable tool for diagnosing respiratory allergies when the skin prick test (SPT) is negative. IDST aids in identifying allergies, especially to house dust mites, preventing missed diagnoses.

Keywords:
AeroallergenAllergicAsthmaFungalIntradermalMitePollenPrickRhinitisSkin test

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Diagnostic Testing

Background:

  • Skin prick test (SPT) is the standard for allergic sensitization detection.
  • Intradermal skin test (IDST) is underutilized and its diagnostic value is debated.
  • Respiratory allergies require accurate diagnosis for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility and necessity of IDST in diagnosing respiratory allergies.
  • To determine if IDST offers additional diagnostic value beyond SPT.
  • To assess IDST's role in identifying specific inhalant allergens.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 4223 patients with allergic rhinitis and/or bronchial asthma.
  • Comparison of SPT results with IDST in a subset of patients with negative SPT.
  • Analysis of sensitization rates to various allergens, including house dust mite (HDM), fungi, and pollen.

Main Results:

  • SPT was positive in 57% of patients; 43% had negative SPT results.
  • IDST identified allergic sensitization in 44% of patients with negative SPT.
  • House dust mite allergy was the most common finding (32.6%) via IDST, particularly in bronchial asthma patients.

Conclusions:

  • IDST is beneficial for diagnosing respiratory allergies, especially when SPT is negative.
  • IDST significantly aids in diagnosing house dust mite allergy in bronchial asthma patients.
  • IDST should be considered a valuable next step after SPT to avoid missed diagnoses.