[Validation of a prevention and detection procedure for physical and economic abuse of the elderly]

The study carried out for the «Physical and economic abuse sign detection procedure for the elderly in the Basque Country» Pilotage and Validation is described. There barely exist appropriate and validated tools to assist the issue, and the existing ones are hardly adequate for people with cognitive deterioration; therefore, the issue's both visibility in our society and professional intervention are strained. The proposed procedure is a composed by screening tool that determines a likelihood of abuse and an evaluation of signs for determining the abuse practice. It is intended to be used in the social area as well as the sanitary one by any professional. It is composed of two questionnaires: one of risk-factor valuation and a second one concerning indicators based on three severity levels.

Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used. The sample was made of 649 elders: 596 evaluated by the risk-factor questionnaire, 138 by the indicators questionnaire, and 85 evaluated by both; 94 professionals from several backgrounds (sanitary, social and economic) participated. Eight of the detected cases were checked by the team of experts that elaborated the procedure; the sessions were analysed after their transcription.

The procedure has been validated as sensitive for its goal, being equally valid for the social and health areas. It can be used by any professional, although some differences have been detected. As regards the ability to differentiate items and the final evaluation of the severity of the situation, some changes and corrections have been proposed.