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Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations
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Segregation and mortality over time and space.

Trevon D Logan1, John M Parman2

  • 1Department of Economics, The Ohio State University and NBER, United States.

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Racial segregation in neighborhoods increased mortality rates, with differing impacts in urban and rural areas. This study introduces a new method to measure historical segregation, extending health disparity research to rural communities.

Keywords:
Health disparitiesMortalityRaceResidential sortingSegregationUnited Stated

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Public Health
  • Demography

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the historical evolution of segregation and its impact on health disparities, particularly in rural communities before the Great Migration.
  • Existing measures of segregation often do not encompass rural areas or utilize individual-level historical data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a novel measure of historical racial residential segregation using individual-level census data.
  • To analyze the relationship between historical racial segregation and mortality rates in both urban and rural settings.
  • To extend the understanding of structural factors contributing to racial health disparities across diverse geographic locations and historical periods.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a new segregation measure leveraging complete historical census manuscript files to identify adjacent neighbors' races.
  • Application of this measure to estimate the historical association between racial residential segregation and mortality.
  • Comparative analysis of segregation's health effects in urban versus rural environments.

Main Results:

  • Racially segregated environments were associated with higher mortality rates, independent of overall racial composition.
  • The impact of segregation on mortality varied between urban and rural locations.
  • Mortality outcomes for Black individuals were not consistently worse than for White individuals in all segregated settings.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive historical segregation measures are crucial for understanding the full scope of racial health disparities.
  • This research extends the analysis of structural determinants of health disparities to rural populations and historical contexts.
  • The findings highlight the need to consider geographic and historical nuances when addressing segregation and health inequities.