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Related Concept Videos

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
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Progressive Macula Vessel Density Loss in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Study.

Takuhei Shoji1, Linda M Zangwill2, Tadamichi Akagi3

  • 1Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama, Japan.

American Journal of Ophthalmology
|July 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes show faster macula vessel density loss than glaucoma-suspect or healthy eyes. Optical coherence tomography angiography detects this loss, even when ganglion cell complex thickness remains unchanged.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Glaucoma Research
  • Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
  • Early detection and monitoring of glaucoma progression are crucial.
  • Macula vessel density changes may serve as an indicator of glaucomatous damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the rate of macula vessel density loss in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), glaucoma-suspect, and healthy eyes.
  • To compare the progression rates of macula vessel density across these diagnostic groups.
  • To assess the utility of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in detecting early glaucomatous changes.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal, observational cohort study involving 100 eyes (32 POAG, 30 glaucoma-suspect, 38 healthy) from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study.
  • Eyes were followed for at least 1 year with at least 2 OCT-A imaging visits.
  • Vessel density in the macula superficial layer was calculated, and rates of change were compared using a multivariate linear mixed-effects model.

Main Results:

  • Baseline macula vessel density was significantly higher in healthy eyes compared to glaucoma-suspect and POAG eyes.
  • The rate of macula vessel density loss was significantly faster in POAG eyes (-2.23%/year) than in glaucoma-suspect (0.87%/year) or healthy eyes (0.29%/year).
  • No significant changes in ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness were observed in any group, and no significant differences in GCC change rates were found among the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Eyes with POAG exhibit a significantly faster rate of macula vessel density loss compared to glaucoma-suspect and healthy eyes, even with a follow-up of less than 14 months.
  • Serial OCT-A measurements can detect glaucomatous changes in macula vessel density independently of changes in GCC thickness.
  • OCT-A may offer a sensitive method for monitoring glaucoma progression and detecting early structural damage.