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Polyimide Aerogels Using Triisocyanate as Cross-linker.

Baochau N Nguyen1, Mary Ann B Meador2, Daniel Scheiman1

  • 1Ohio Aerospace Institute , 22800 Cedar Point Road, Brookpark, Ohio 44142, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

New polyimide aerogels offer cost-effective, high-performance insulation. These materials, utilizing an inexpensive triisocyanate cross-linker, show promising properties for various applications, including construction and automotive uses.

Keywords:
aerogelsmesoporousor HDI trimerpolyimidestriisocyanate cross-linker Desmodur N3300Aurea linkage

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Polyimide (PI)-based aerogels are advanced porous materials with tunable properties.
  • Traditional cross-linkers can be expensive, limiting the widespread application of PI aerogels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective method for producing polyimide aerogels.
  • To investigate the properties of PI aerogels cross-linked with an inexpensive triisocyanate.

Main Methods:

  • Polyimide oligomers were synthesized using diamines (2,2'-dimethylbenzidine, 4,4'-oxydianiline) and a dianhydride (3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride).
  • Oligomers were chemically imidized at room temperature and then cross-linked with Desmodur N3300A (a triisocyanate).
  • Aerogel properties including density, surface area (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller), and compressive modulus were measured.

Main Results:

  • Aerogel densities ranged from 0.06 to 0.14 g/cm³.
  • Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas were between 350 and 600 m²/g.
  • Compressive moduli reached up to 225 MPa, comparable to or exceeding existing materials.

Conclusions:

  • The use of an inexpensive triisocyanate (Desmodur N3300A) enables the cost-effective production of high-performance polyimide aerogels.
  • These aerogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties and tunable porosity.
  • Potential applications include insulation in construction, clothing, sporting goods, and automotive industries, with limitations in high-temperature aerospace uses.