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Potential Causes of Elevated REE after High-Intensity Exercise.

Gary R Hunter1, Douglas R Moellering, Stephen J Carter

  • 11Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 2Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 3Diabetes Research Center Bioanalytical Redox Biology (BARB) Core, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; 4Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; and 5Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN.

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Both moderate-intensity continuous (MIC) and high-intensity interval (HII) aerobic exercise increase resting energy expenditure (REE) for up to 22 hours. Mechanisms may involve muscle repair and increased sympathetic tone, not uncoupled phosphorylation.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Metabolic Studies
  • Human Performance

Background:

  • Resting energy expenditure (REE) is known to increase post-intense exercise.
  • However, the precise physiological mechanisms driving this elevation remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a single bout of moderate-intensity continuous (MIC) aerobic exercise versus high-intensity interval (HII) exercise on REE.
  • To examine these effects under controlled energy balance conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-three untrained premenopausal women underwent assessments before and after 8-16 weeks of training.
  • REE was measured in a room calorimeter 22 hours post-exercise (MIC: 50% peak V˙O2; HII: 84% peak V˙O2).
  • Urine norepinephrine and serum creatine kinase activity (CrKact) were analyzed; muscle biopsies assessed mitochondrial fat oxidation.

Main Results:

  • REE significantly increased 22 hours post-exercise following both MIC (64 ± 119 kcal) and HII (103 ± 137 kcal) protocols.
  • Markers of muscle damage (CrKact) and sympathetic tone (norepinephrine) were elevated post-exercise, particularly after HII.
  • While uncoupled phosphorylation (states 2 and 4) fat oxidation correlated with REE, it did not increase post-exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Both MIC and HII exercise bouts elevate REE for at least 22 hours under energy balance.
  • Exercise-induced muscle damage/repair and increased sympathetic nervous system activity appear to be key contributors to this sustained energy expenditure.
  • These findings highlight the potential of moderate- to high-intensity exercise for enhancing overall daily energy expenditure.