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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Related Experiment Video

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Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Analysis and Quantification of Intratumoral PD-1+ Tim-3+ CD8+ T Cells
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Melanoma subtypes demonstrate distinct PD-L1 expression profiles.

Genevieve J Kaunitz1, Tricia R Cottrell2, Mohammed Lilo2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology
|July 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in rare melanoma subtypes. PD-L1 levels correlate with CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes across subtypes, suggesting an adaptive immune response.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a prognostic and predictive biomarker in cutaneous melanoma, linked to its IFN-γ-mediated expression.
  • PD-L1 expression patterns in rarer melanoma subtypes remain underexplored.
  • Understanding PD-L1 in diverse melanomas is crucial for targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize PD-L1 expression and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) densities in acral, mucosal, uveal, and chronic sun-damaged (CSD) melanomas.
  • To evaluate the association between PD-L1 expression, TILs, and specific tumor microenvironment features.
  • To correlate findings with potential clinical response to anti-PD-1 therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 and CD8 on 200 melanoma specimens (acral, mucosal, uveal, CSD).
  • Quantification of CD8+ TIL densities (mild, moderate, severe) and assessment of their spatial relationship with PD-L1.
  • Analysis of lymphoid aggregates and spindle cell morphology in relation to PD-L1 expression.

Main Results:

  • PD-L1 expression varied by subtype: 31% acral, 44% mucosal, 10% uveal, 62% CSD.
  • PD-L1 positivity correlated with moderate-severe CD8+ TILs across all subtypes (P<0.003).
  • Pure desmoplastic CSD melanomas showed lower PD-L1 than other CSD subtypes (P=0.047); spindle cell morphology linked to higher PD-L1 (P<0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • PD-L1 expression in rare melanoma subtypes is associated with CD8+ TILs, supporting an adaptive immune response mechanism.
  • Subtype-specific PD-L1 expression patterns and microenvironmental features may influence anti-PD-1 therapy outcomes.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize immunotherapy strategies for diverse melanoma subtypes.