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Luteal phase defects in repeated abortion.

J A Vanrell, J Balasch

    International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
    |April 1, 1986
    PubMed
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    Luteal phase defects, indicated by endometrial insufficiency despite normal hormone levels, were found in 30% of women with recurrent first-trimester abortions. This finding suggests a potential cause for repeated pregnancy loss.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive endocrinology
    • Gynecology

    Background:

    • Recurrent first-trimester abortions and infertility are significant reproductive health concerns.
    • Luteal phase defects (LPDs) are suspected contributors to these conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of luteal phase defects in women with a history of recurrent abortions and infertility.
    • To investigate the association between endometrial LPDs and hormonal profiles.

    Main Methods:

    • Basal body temperature, plasma progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, and endometrial biopsy were used for luteal phase evaluation.
    • Endometrial biopsies were repeated if initially defective.

    Main Results:

    • Endometrial luteal phase deficiency was detected in 15 (30%) of women with recurrent abortions.
    Keywords:
    Abortion History--etiologyAbortion, InducedAbortion, SpontaneousBehaviorBiologyCorpus Luteum HormonesDiseasesEndometrium--analysisEstradiolEstrogensExaminations And DiagnosesFamily PlanningFertility Control, PostconceptionGenitaliaGenitalia, FemaleGonadotropinsGonadotropins, PituitaryHistologyHormonesLaboratory Examinations And DiagnosesPhysiologyPregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsPregnancy, First TrimesterProgesteroneProlactinReproductionReproductive Control AgentsUrogenital SystemUterus

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  • In 26% of these women, the endometrial defect occurred with normal hormonal levels.
  • LPDs with normal hormonal levels were found in 12% of infertile patients (P < 0.01).

    • Conclusions:

    • Luteal phase defects, specifically endometrial secretory insufficiency despite normal plasma hormone levels, may play an etiologic role in recurrent abortions.
    • This suggests that endometrial receptivity, independent of systemic hormonal levels, is crucial for successful pregnancy.