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Transformation

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Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...
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Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
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Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
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TL -DNA transformation decreases ABA level.

Jacques Julliard1, Florence Pelèse1, Bruno Sotta1

  • 1Lab. de Physiologie du Developpement des Plantes URA CNRS 1180, Casier 156. Univ. P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Tour 53, F-75252 Paris cedex 05. France;Lab. de Biologie Cellulaire, Inst. National de la Rechereche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France.

Physiologia Plantarum
|July 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation significantly reduced abscisic acid (ABA) levels in plants. However, transformed plants showed enhanced ABA accumulation under osmotic stress, suggesting improved drought resistance.

Keywords:
ABABrassica napusBrassica oleraceaNicotiana tabacumTL-DNA transformationosmotic stress

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key plant hormone regulating stress responses.
  • Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation is a tool for genetic modification in plants.
  • Understanding ABA regulation in transformed plants is crucial for crop improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 TL-DNA transformation on endogenous ABA levels in various plant species.
  • To compare ABA concentrations in different tissues of transformed and untransformed plants under unstressed and osmotically stressed conditions.
  • To evaluate the implications of altered ABA levels for plant phenotype, drought resistance, and adaptability.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of endogenous ABA using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • Analysis of ABA levels in multiple plant tissues (floral stem, terminal bud, leaves, roots) of oilseed rape, cabbage, and tobacco.
  • Comparative analysis of ABA accumulation in unstressed and osmotically stressed oilseed rape (cv. Brutor).

Main Results:

  • Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 TL-DNA transformation led to a significant reduction (approx. 65%) in ABA concentration in unstressed plants across all species studied.
  • Transformed oilseed rape plants (cv. Brutor) exhibited higher ABA accumulation compared to untransformed controls when subjected to osmotic stress.
  • Observed changes in ABA content varied across different plant tissues.

Conclusions:

  • TL-DNA transformation by Agrobacterium rhizogenes influences endogenous ABA levels, generally decreasing them in unstressed conditions.
  • The enhanced ABA accumulation under osmotic stress in transformed plants suggests a potential for increased drought tolerance.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the link between ABA modulation, phenotype, and adaptability in transformed crops.