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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Corneal Confocal Microscopy: A Novel Non-invasive Technique to Quantify Small Fibre Pathology in Peripheral Neuropathies
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Corneal confocal sub-basal nerve plexus evaluation: a review.

Joanna Kokot1, Adam Wylęgała1, Bogumił Wowra1

  • 1Ophthalmology Department, Railway Hospital Katowice, II School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Acta Ophthalmologica
|July 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Corneal sub-basal nerve plexus (SNP) changes, like thinning and increased tortuosity, often indicate underlying pathology. These alterations may also signal nerve regeneration, but are not specific to any single corneal disease.

Keywords:
corneacorneal confocal microscopycorneal dystrophiescorneal sub-basal nerve plexus

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The corneal sub-basal nerve plexus (SNP) plays a crucial role in corneal sensation and health.
  • Alterations in SNP morphology and function are observed in various ocular conditions.
  • Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a key imaging technique for evaluating SNP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent data on corneal SNP morphology and function using CCM.
  • To analyze changes in corneal SNP associated with different pathologies and treatments.
  • To identify potential indicators of nerve regeneration within the corneal SNP.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic electronic literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science (2008-2016).
  • Inclusion of 98 English articles and abstracts discussing corneal SNP morphology, function, and disease-related changes.
  • Inclusion of CCM images from the authors' department.

Main Results:

  • Corneal SNP diminishment, increased nerve tortuosity, and reduced sensitivity are linked to pathology.
  • Increased nerve tortuosity may serve as a morphological marker for nerve regeneration.
  • SNP changes are non-specific and reflect general pathological processes across various corneal diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Corneal SNP alterations are indicative of disease but lack specificity for a single corneal pathology.
  • Nerve tortuosity shows potential as a marker for nerve regeneration.
  • Future research should incorporate automated biometric software and investigate novel treatment effects on SNP.