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Fingolimod (FTY-720) is Capable of Reversing Tumor Necrosis Factor Induced Decreases in Cochlear Blood Flow
Mattis Bertlich1, Friedrich Ihler, Bernhard G Weiss
1*Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery †Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute ‡Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia §Department of Neurology and German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Munich University Hospital, Munich ||Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Hypothesis:
The potential of Fingolimod (FTY-720), a sphingosine-1-phosphate analogue, to revoke the changes in cochlear blood flow induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was investigated.
Background:
Impairment of cochlear blood flow has often been considered as the common final pathway of various inner ear pathologies. TNF, an ubiquitous cytokine, plays a major role in these pathologies, reducing cochlear blood flow via sphingosine-1-phosphate-signaling.
Methods:
Fifteen Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs were randomly assigned to one of three groups (placebo/placebo, TNF/placebo, TNF/FTY-720). Cochlear microcirculation was quantified over 60 minutes by in vivo fluorescence microscopy before and after topical application of placebo or TNF (5 ng/ml) and after subsequent application of placebo or FTY-720 (200 μg/ml).
Results:
Treatment with TNF led to a significant decrease of cochlear blood flow.Following this, application of placebo caused no significant changes while application of FTY-720 caused a significant rise in cochlear blood flow.
Conclusions:
FTY-720 is capable of reversing changes in cochlear blood flow induced by application of TNF. This makes FTY-720 a valid candidate for potential treatment of numerous inner ear pathologies.
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