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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
08:56

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Published on: November 7, 2014

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The relationship between physical function in the elderly and judgment error in walking speed.

Yumi Sakamoto1, Yukari Ohashi1

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, School of Healthcare, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Japan.

Journal of Physical Therapy Science
|July 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Elderly individuals often misjudge their walking abilities, potentially overestimating their physical function. This judgment error, particularly concerning balance and walking speed, may increase accident risks in seniors.

Keywords:
Judgment errorPhysical functionSelf-confidence

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Judgment error, the discrepancy between actual and perceived performance, is common in older adults.
  • Understanding these errors is crucial for assessing functional independence and safety in the elderly population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess subjective judgment errors related to walking speed in community-dwelling elderly individuals.
  • To investigate the relationship between physical function and judgment errors in gait performance among seniors.

Main Methods:

  • 106 elderly individuals observed gait videos and compared their perceived speed to a model's.
  • Judgment error was defined as a difference between subjective comparison and actual performance.
  • Physical function and balance confidence were assessed and compared between groups with and without judgment error.

Main Results:

  • Significant interactions were found between actual performance and subjective perception for obstacle course walking time.
  • The Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale scores also showed significant interaction effects.
  • Elderly individuals with lower physical function and balance confidence sometimes overestimated their abilities.

Conclusions:

  • Some elderly individuals exhibit a tendency to overestimate their balance and ambulation capabilities.
  • This overestimation occurs despite objectively lower physical function and self-confidence.
  • Such judgment errors may signify an elevated risk of accidents and falls in this demographic.