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Drug-Induced Dental Caries: A Disproportionality Analysis Using Data from VigiBase
Emilie Patras de Campaigno1, Inès Kebir1, Jean-Louis Montastruc1,2,3,4,5
1Service de Pharmacologie Médicale et Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31000, Toulouse, France.
Drug Safety
|July 27, 2017
Summary
This study identified 88 drugs linked to dental caries, with bisphosphonates and drugs causing hyperglycemia requiring special attention. Mechanisms include altered salivary flow and bone metabolism, highlighting drug-induced cariogenic risk.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacovigilance
- Dental Medicine
- Drug Safety
Background:
- Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease.
- The influence of medications on caries risk is not well-understood.
- Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a growing concern in patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify drugs associated with dental caries as ADRs.
- To investigate potential pathogenic mechanisms for these drug-induced caries.
- To assess the reporting disproportionality of dental caries for various drugs.
Main Methods:
- Utilized VigiBase®, the WHO global individual case safety report database.
- Calculated reporting odds ratio (ROR) and 99% confidence intervals for drug-caries associations.
- Analyzed pharmacodynamics and known mechanisms of identified drugs.
Main Results:
- Identified 5229 safety reports of dental caries involving 733 drugs.
- Found 88 drugs with statistically significant disproportionality for dental caries.
- For 65% of these drugs, caries information was absent from product literature.
- Common mechanisms included altered salivary flow (61.4%), hyperglycemia (36.4%), and bone metabolism changes (35.2%).
Conclusions:
- Identified 88 drugs with a significant association with dental caries.
- Bisphosphonates, atropinic drugs, immunosuppressants, and drugs inducing hyperglycemia warrant close monitoring.
- This highlights the need to consider drug-induced effects in cariogenic risk assessment.
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