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Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
Published on: December 1, 2010
Effects of Hot Packs on Small-Intestinal Motility Measured by Doppler Ultrasound and Subjective Feelings in Normal
Yusuke Makino1, Myoung-Ae Choe
1Yusuke Makino, MS, RN, is Assistant Professor, Fundamental Nursing Department, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita, Japan, and Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 2944-9 Megusuno, Oita, Japan. Myoung-Ae Choe, PhD, RN, FAAN, is Professor, International Nursing Department, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita, Japan.
Abstract:
Constipation is a common problem in patients and the general population. Hot packs can relieve constipation, but the effect on small-intestinal motility remains unknown. We aimed to determine the effect of hot packs on small-intestinal motility and subjective feelings associated with bowel activity after removing the hot packs. Thirty-four normal adults were assigned to either an experimental group (n = 18) or a control group (n = 16). Hot and normal packs were applied for 10 minutes to the lumbar regions of the experimental and control groups, respectively. Small-intestinal motility was measured by Doppler ultrasound before, during, and after pack application. Subjective feelings were also evaluated after removing the packs. The number of small-intestinal peristalses and subjective feelings of 20 participants showing anechoic areas in the small-intestinal lumen were analyzed.
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