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There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
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Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...
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Deploying Community Scientists to Conduct Nondestructive Genetic Sampling of Rare Butterfly Populations
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De-extinction and Conservation Genetics in the Anthropocene.

Ronald Sandler

    The Hastings Center Report
    |July 27, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    De-extinction, like reviving the mammoth, challenges traditional conservation goals. It doesn't fit efficiency or necessity rationales, prompting a re-evaluation of its conservation value.

    Area of Science:

    • Conservation Biology
    • Ecosystem Management
    • Genomics

    Background:

    • De-extinction projects focus on long-extinct species (e.g., passenger pigeon, thylacine, mammoth).
    • Novel conservation strategies are often justified by efficiency and necessity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze de-extinction within existing conservation rationales.
    • To question the inherent value of de-extinction as a conservation goal.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptual analysis of de-extinction's alignment with conservation principles.
    • Examination of efficiency and necessity as justifications for conservation technologies.

    Main Results:

    • De-extinction does not align with the efficiency rationale of improving existing conservation efforts.

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  • De-extinction's focus on reconstituting absent species differs from maintaining extant ones.
  • Conclusions:

    • The social and ethical assessment of de-extinction requires more than evaluating its means.
    • The worthiness of de-extinction as a conservation objective itself needs critical examination.