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Graph Lasso-Based Test for Evaluating Functional Brain Connectivity in Sickle Cell Disease.

Julie Coloigner1, Ronald Phlypo2, Thomas D Coates3

  • 11 CIBORG, Division of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California.

Brain Connectivity
|July 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients show altered brain connectivity, even without visible MRI damage. Anemia and silent strokes correlate with reduced similarity to healthy brain connectivity patterns.

Keywords:
Graph Lassoanemialearning schemeresting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a vascular disorder linked to ischemia-reperfusion injury, anemia, vasculopathy, and strokes.
  • Cerebral injuries in SCD can cause neurological dysfunction, impacting patient development.
  • Cognitive impairment in SCD may occur without apparent brain abnormalities on conventional MRI, suggesting diffuse injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if alterations in cerebral connectivity serve as a sensitive biomarker for SCD severity.
  • To compare brain connectivity patterns in SCD patients to a healthy reference model.

Main Methods:

  • Functional MRI (fMRI) was used to analyze brain connectivity in individual SCD patients.
  • A graphical lasso model and Fréchet mean were employed to establish a healthy brain connectivity descriptor.
  • An individual similarity index was calculated to compare each SCD patient's connectivity matrix to the healthy model.

Main Results:

  • The healthy connectivity model was not suitable for 4 out of 27 SCD patients.
  • Anemia and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) were significant predictors of lower similarity to the healthy connectivity model (p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively).
  • Patients with lower hemoglobin levels or WMH exhibited the least similarity to the reference connectivity.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebral connectivity alterations may represent a sensitive biomarker for SCD severity.
  • Anemia and WMH are associated with significant deviations from healthy brain connectivity patterns in SCD.
  • Further research is needed to clarify if these connectivity changes are pathological or compensatory.