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Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 25, 2026

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
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Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia

Published on: September 18, 2013

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Panel OKs CAR T Therapy for Leukemia

    Cancer Discovery
    |July 29, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Novartis

    Area of Science:

    • Immunotherapy
    • Oncology
    • Pediatric Hematology

    Background:

    • Relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in pediatric and young adult patients presents a significant unmet medical need.
    • Current treatment options for this patient population have limited efficacy and considerable toxicity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tisagenlecleucel, a chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, for pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-ALL.

    Main Methods:

    • Expert panel review of clinical trial data for tisagenlecleucel.
    • Assessment of response rates, duration of response, and adverse events.

    Main Results:

    • An expert panel recommended the approval of tisagenlecleucel.

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  • Tisagenlecleucel demonstrated significant efficacy in a challenging patient population.

    • Conclusions:

    • Tisagenlecleucel represents a potential breakthrough therapy for relapsed or refractory B-ALL.
    • This CAR-T therapy has the potential to transform the standard of care for advanced blood cancers in young patients.