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Using persistent photoconductivity to write a low-resistance path in SrTiO₃.

Violet M Poole¹, Slade J Jokela², Matthew D McCluskey³

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-2814, USA.

Scientific Reports

|July 29, 2017

Summary

Strontium titanate exhibits persistent photoconductivity (PPC) at room temperature, enabling long-lasting conductivity changes after light exposure. This breakthrough paves the way for novel transparent electronics and memory storage applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Solid-State Electronics

Background:

Persistent photoconductivity (PPC) is a phenomenon where material conductivity remains elevated after light exposure.
Previous PPC applications required cryogenic temperatures (below 180 K), limiting practical use.
Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is a promising oxide material for electronic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate room-temperature persistent photoconductivity in strontium titanate (STO) single crystals.
To explore the potential of STO for novel electronic devices, such as memory storage and transparent electronics.
To understand the role of contact resistance in the observed PPC phenomenon.

Main Methods:

Two-point resistance measurements on annealed STO single crystals at room temperature.
Illumination with sub-gap light to induce photoconductivity.
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and electrical measurements to analyze material properties.
Exposure to a 405 nm laser to demonstrate optical writing capabilities.

Main Results:

A significant decrease in resistance (three orders of magnitude) was observed after sub-gap light illumination.
The enhanced conductivity persisted for several days in the dark at room temperature.
Contact resistance was identified as a crucial factor influencing the PPC effect.
A low-resistance path was successfully written using a laser as an 'optical pen', demonstrating device feasibility.

Conclusions:

Room-temperature persistent photoconductivity in STO is achievable and stable.
Contact engineering is vital for optimizing PPC in STO devices.
Optically defined transparent electronics based on STO are feasible, opening new avenues for device fabrication.