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Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Deciduous and Permanent Teeth
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Cellular Responses in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Treated with Three Endodontic Materials
Alejandro Victoria-Escandell1, José Santiago Ibañez-Cabellos2,3,4, Sergio Bañuls-Sánchez de Cutanda4,5
1Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Catholic University of Valencia "San Vicente Mártir", C/Quevedo, 2, 46001 Valencia, Spain.
Stem Cells International
|July 29, 2017
Summary
This study assessed the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of endodontic materials on human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs). MTA-Angelus showed the lowest cytotoxicity, while AH-Plus and MTA-Fillapex induced significant oxidative stress and DNA damage.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Dental Research
Background:
- Human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) are crucial for regenerative dental therapies.
- Evaluating endodontic material cytotoxicity and genotoxicity is essential for tissue regeneration strategies.
- Combining regenerative and root canal therapies requires understanding material interactions with HDPSCs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of three common endodontic materials on HDPSCs.
- To assess the role of oxidative stress in the biological response to these materials.
- To compare the safety profiles of MTA-Angelus, AH-Plus cement, and MTA-Fillapex.
Main Methods:
- HDPSCs were exposed to MTA-Angelus, AH-Plus cement, and MTA-Fillapex.
- Cell viability and apoptosis were measured using flow cytometry.
- Oxidative stress was assessed via OxyBlot, and antioxidant enzyme levels by Western blot.
- Genotoxicity was evaluated by quantifying DNA damage and repair gene expression (ATM, RAD53, RAD51, PARP-1).
Main Results:
- AH-Plus significantly increased apoptosis, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity markers in HDPSCs.
- MTA-Fillapex demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity, oxidative stress induction, and genotoxicity, particularly at longer exposure times.
- MTA-Angelus exhibited lower cytotoxicity and genotoxicity compared to AH-Plus and MTA-Fillapex across all tested time points.
Conclusions:
- Endodontic material selection significantly impacts HDPSC viability and genetic integrity.
- AH-Plus and MTA-Fillapex pose greater risks of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity to HDPSCs than MTA-Angelus.
- MTA-Angelus appears to be a safer option for regenerative endodontic procedures involving HDPSCs.
