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An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
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In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
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Predicting Magnetoelectric Coupling in Layered and Graded Composites.

Mirza Bichurin1, Vladimir Petrov2, Alexander Tatarenko3

  • 1Institute of Electronic and Information Systems, Novgorod State University, Veiky Novgorod 173003, Russia. mirza.bichurin@novsu.ru.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Composites with graded magnetostrictive-piezoelectric components enhance magnetoelectric (ME) coupling strength. This study predicts ME voltage coefficients for layered structures, optimizing ME interactions.

Keywords:
bending resonancebimorphcompositesgraded magnetostrictive materialgraded piezoelectricmagnetic field induced ME effectmagnetoelectric effectmultiferroicnomograph method

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Area of Science:

  • Multiferroic materials science
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Magnetoelectric (ME) interaction arises from magnetostriction and piezoelectricity in multiferroic composites.
  • ME coupling strength is determined by the product of piezoelectric and piezomagnetic coefficients.
  • Graded material parameters offer a novel approach to enhance ME coupling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict and analyze magnetoelectric coupling strength in layered structures.
  • To investigate the impact of graded magnetostrictive and piezoelectric components on ME interactions.
  • To explore ME coupling across various operational modes, including electromechanical resonance (EMR) and magnetic resonance.

Main Methods:

  • Development of equations for ME output under applied magnetic fields.
  • Analysis of ME voltage coefficients using graphs against composite parameters.
  • Investigation of symmetric trilayers, asymmetric bilayers, and multilayered structures.
  • Studies on low-frequency ME coupling, EMR (longitudinal and bending modes), magnetic resonance, and their overlap.

Main Results:

  • Models predict enhanced ME interactions in graded composites compared to homogeneous ones.
  • Graphs illustrate ME voltage coefficients for different layered configurations and material gradients.
  • ME coupling strength is shown to be significantly influenced by component grading and resonance phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • Compositionally graded magnetostrictive-piezoelectric layered structures present a promising pathway for increased magnetoelectric coupling.
  • Understanding the interplay between material properties, structure, and resonance is crucial for optimizing ME devices.
  • The developed models and analyses provide a framework for designing advanced multiferroic heterostructures.