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Related Concept Videos

Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000...
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Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

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The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
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Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
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Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

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Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
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Patterns and functional implications of platelets upon tumor "education".

Qun Zhang1, Hongda Liu2, Qingqing Zhu1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China.

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
|July 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Platelets, traditionally known for blood clotting, are increasingly recognized for their role in cancer progression and metastasis. Understanding the reciprocal interaction between platelets and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offers new diagnostic and therapeutic avenues.

Keywords:
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs)InteractionPlateletsTumor “education”

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Platelets are increasingly implicated in cancer development, influencing carcinogenesis, metastasis, and chemotherapy response.
  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) activate platelets, creating a reciprocal relationship that impacts cancer progression.
  • Platelet status is a potential hematological biomarker for cancer prognosis and a therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the interplay between platelets and tumor aggression.
  • To explore how tumor cells educate platelets and the resulting biofunctional alterations.
  • To highlight potential clinical applications of the tumor-platelet interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on platelet involvement in malignancies.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms of tumor cell-induced platelet activation and aggregation.
  • Discussion of the reciprocal cross-talk between platelets and circulating tumor cells (CTCs).

Main Results:

  • Tumor cells "educate" platelets, leading to biofunctional alterations that promote cancer.
  • Platelets contribute to the survival and dissemination of CTCs.
  • The interaction between platelets and tumors is bidirectional, influencing cancer aggression.

Conclusions:

  • The reciprocal relationship between platelets and tumors presents significant implications for cancer biology.
  • Understanding this interplay may lead to novel diagnostic tools, such as "liquid biopsy" using platelet evaluation.
  • Further prospective multicenter trials are needed to validate clinical applications.