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Related Experiment Videos

Intercellular communication mediated by VIP in the cerebral cortex.

P J Magistretti

    Peptides
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). VIP neurons in the cerebral cortex regulate energy metabolism, blood flow, and neuronal activity with high spatial selectivity.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • The central nervous system (CNS) hosts numerous biologically active peptides.
    • Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) meets criteria to be classified as a neurotransmitter.
    • Recent research has focused on VIP neurons within the cerebral cortex circuitry.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the position and function of VIP neurons in the cerebral cortex.
    • To elucidate the cellular actions of VIP in the cerebral cortex.
    • To understand the role of VIP in regulating cortical energy metabolism, blood flow, and neuronal activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Immunohistochemical investigations
    • Pharmacological investigations
    • Studies using purified preparations to resolve cellular actions of VIP

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigating synergistic interactions with norepinephrine

    • Main Results:

    • VIP neurons are radially oriented, locally arborizing cells within cortical columns (60-100 micron diameter).
    • VIP stimulates cAMP formation in cerebral microvessels and astrocytes.
    • VIP promotes glycogenolysis in astrocytes and synergistically interacts with norepinephrine to stimulate cAMP and inhibit neuronal firing.

    Conclusions:

    • VIP neurons are strategically located to regulate the interplay between energy metabolism, blood flow, and neuronal activity.
    • VIP exerts its effects with fine spatial selectivity at the cortical level.
    • VIP plays a significant role in modulating cortical function.