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Trait level analysis of multitrait population projection matrices.

Christophe F D Coste1, Frédéric Austerlitz1, Samuel Pavard1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new vector-based method for multitrait population projection models (MPPMs) efficiently handles complex life cycles. Trait level analysis reveals how trait structure influences population dynamics and life-history evolution, particularly concerning fertility trade-offs.

Keywords:
Evolutionary demographyLife-history theoryMPPMMatrix population modelMultitrait modelTrait-level analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • Matrix population projection models (MPPMs) typically use limited traits (e.g., age, stage).
  • Computational complexity has hindered the development of MPPMs with numerous traits.
  • The impact of trait structure on population dynamics and life-history evolution remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computationally efficient methodology for multitrait population projection models (MPPMs).
  • To introduce a 'trait level analysis' for assessing the influence of trait structure on population dynamics and evolution.
  • To investigate the role of trait structure in parity-fertility trade-offs within human populations.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel vector-based MPPM methodology for efficient modeling of populations with numerous traits.
  • Extended sensitivity analyses for these complex MPPMs.
  • Introduced 'trait level analysis' by folding MPPMs to alter trait structures while preserving asymptotic properties.

Main Results:

  • The new methodology enables efficient modeling of populations with many traits and large distributions.
  • Trait level analysis demonstrated that fertility selection gradients differ based on the inclusion of parity-fertility trade-offs.
  • The evolutionary significance of age-specific fertility varies depending on whether trait heterogeneity is accounted for.

Conclusions:

  • The structure of traits significantly influences population dynamics and life-history evolution.
  • Parity-fertility trade-offs and fecundity heterogeneity have complex interactions that are sensitive to the trait structure used in MPPMs.
  • This approach provides new insights into the evolutionary implications of life-history traits.